Location and extent
An Overview
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| Overview of a chapter |
Q.3. (A) State Whether the Sentences are
Right or Wrong. Correct the
Wrong Ones.
*1. Brazil is mainly located in the Southern
Hemisphere.
2.Tropic of Capricorn passes through the middle of India.
*3. The longitudinal extent of Brazil is less than India.
*4. Equator passes through the northern part of Brazil.
*5. Brazil has a coastline along the Pacific
Ocean.
*6. Pakistan is a neighbouring country to the south-east of India.
*7. The southern part of India is called Peninsula.
8. Brazil is known as the coffee pot' of the world.
9. Brazil is famous for spices in the world.
10. China is the second largest populated country in the world.
11. India is looked upon as a young country.
12. Major population of India is non-working.
Answers:
1. Right
2. Wrong
Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of India.
3. Wrong
The longitudinal extent of Brazil is more than India.
4. Right
5. Wrong
Brazil has a coastline along North Atlantic
Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean.
6. Wrong
Pakistan is a neighbouring country to the north-west of India.
7. Right
8. Right
9. Wrong
India is famous for spices in the world,
10. Wrong
India is the second largest populated country in the world
11. Right
12. Wrong
Major population of India is working.
Q.3. (B) Answer in One Sentence
1. Which important latitudes pass through Brazil?
Ans: The two important latitudes that pass through Brazil are Equator and the Tropic of Capricorn.
2. In which hemisphere does India lies?
Ans: India lies in the Northern as well as the Eastern hemispheres.
3. Which ocean shares coastline with India?
Ans: India shares its coastline with the Indian Ocean.
4. In which hemisphere does major part of
Brazil lie?
Ans: Major part of Brazil lies in the southern hemisphere.
5. Which important latitude passes through the middle of India?
Ans: Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of India.
Q.3.(C) Name the following
1. Famous dance of Brazil.
2. Independence day of India.
3. Independence day of Brazil.
4. Type of Government in Brazil from 1930 to 1985.
5. Brazil is named after which tree.
6. Present type of Government in India.
Answers:
1. Samba
2. 15th August, 1947
3. 7th September, 1822
4. Populist Military Government
5. Pau Brasil
6. Federal Parliamentary type
Q.3.(D) Differentiate Between.
Give it a try. (Textbook page no. 13)
Find the difference between post-independence characteristics of India and Brazil.
2. Fill in the information in the map and make an index.
i. Southernmost point of India
ii. Capital of India
iii. Andaman and Nicobar islands
iv. Neighbouring countries of India-Pakistan, Bhutan, Nepal. Myanmar, Sri Lanka, China, Bangladesh
v. Tropic of Cancer
vi. Southernmost state of India
ii. Equator
iii. Tropic of Capricorn
iv. North Atlantic Ocean
v. Name any one neighbouring country to the north of Brazil.
vi. Name any one neighbouring country to the south of Brazil.
Q.4. (B) Answer the following Questions
1. Intext Question
(Textbook page no. 9)
Few hints and the flags of two countries are
given below. Using them, identify these two
countries.
Ans: According to the flags and the information given in the textbook, the two countries are India and Brazil respectively.
2. Colours of Both
(Textbook page no. 12)
Answer the following questions with respect to the countries that you have studied.
i. Out of the countries that you have identified in Q.4. (A) - 1 of 'Maps' section, which country is larger in size?
Ans: Brazil is larger than India, in respect to size or area.
ii. Which country has a larger latitudinal extent?
Ans: Brazil has a larger latitudinal extent as
compared to India.
iii. How do the locations of Brazil and India
differ in terms of their positions in their
respective continents?
Ans: Brazil is located in the northern part of the South American continent while India is located in the southern part of the Asian continent.
iv. How many states does each of the two
countries have?
Ans: While India has 29 States and 7 Union Territories, Brazil has 26 states and 1 Federal District.
V. Draw the flags of these countries in your
notebook
[Note: Students are expected to attempt the above question on their own.]
vi. Obtain information regarding the emblems of both the countries.
a. The national emblem of India is an adaptation of the Lion
Capital at Sarnath in
Bihar erected by King
NOD Ashoka along with the line Satyameva
Jayate from the Mundaka Upanishad, meaning "Truth alone triumphs'.
b. This emblem was officially adopted by India on 26th January 1950 when India became a Republic.
c. The Ashoka pillar has four lions of which, only three are visible from one side. There is a wheel known as Dhamma chakra at the centre of base on all four sides. On one of the sides, there is a bull and a galloping horse on either sides of the wheel, whereas on the opposite side there is an elephant and a lion on either side of the wheel. Below each wheel there is a bell-shaped lotus.
d. The national emblem forms a part of all
government documents and can be seen on
Indian currency as well.
Ans.
Q.4. (A) Prepare a Map with the Help of the Information Given Below
1. Make friends with maps!
(Textbook page no. 12)
Show the following elements on the basis of the information given.
i. Name all the continents and oceans of the world.
ii. Colour Brazil and India using different colours and name them.
iii. Draw equator on the map and write its value in degrees.
iv. Show the symbol for direction.
2. Fill in the information in the map and make an index.
i. Southernmost point of India
ii. Capital of India
iii. Andaman and Nicobar islands
iv. Neighbouring countries of India-Pakistan, Bhutan, Nepal. Myanmar, Sri Lanka, China, Bangladesh
v. Tropic of Cancer
vi. Southernmost state of India
Ans.
3. Fill the given information in the outline map of Brazil.
i. Capital of Brazilii. Equator
iii. Tropic of Capricorn
iv. North Atlantic Ocean
v. Name any one neighbouring country to the north of Brazil.
vi. Name any one neighbouring country to the south of Brazil.
Q.4. (B) Answer the following Questions
On the Basis of the Map Given
1. Intext Question(Textbook page no. 9)
Few hints and the flags of two countries are
given below. Using them, identify these two
countries.
Ans: According to the flags and the information given in the textbook, the two countries are India and Brazil respectively.
2. Colours of Both
(Textbook page no. 12)
Answer the following questions with respect to the countries that you have studied.
i. Out of the countries that you have identified in Q.4. (A) - 1 of 'Maps' section, which country is larger in size?
Ans: Brazil is larger than India, in respect to size or area.
Good to know
Brazil is the fifth largest
country in the world and
India is the seventh largest
country in the world in terms
of area.
ii. Which country has a larger latitudinal extent?
Ans: Brazil has a larger latitudinal extent as
compared to India.
iii. How do the locations of Brazil and India
differ in terms of their positions in their
respective continents?
Ans: Brazil is located in the northern part of the South American continent while India is located in the southern part of the Asian continent.
iv. How many states does each of the two
countries have?
Ans: While India has 29 States and 7 Union Territories, Brazil has 26 states and 1 Federal District.
V. Draw the flags of these countries in your
notebook
[Note: Students are expected to attempt the above question on their own.]
vi. Obtain information regarding the emblems of both the countries.
Ans: Indian Emblem
Capital at Sarnath in
Bihar erected by King
NOD Ashoka along with the line Satyameva
Jayate from the Mundaka Upanishad, meaning "Truth alone triumphs'.
b. This emblem was officially adopted by India on 26th January 1950 when India became a Republic.
c. The Ashoka pillar has four lions of which, only three are visible from one side. There is a wheel known as Dhamma chakra at the centre of base on all four sides. On one of the sides, there is a bull and a galloping horse on either sides of the wheel, whereas on the opposite side there is an elephant and a lion on either side of the wheel. Below each wheel there is a bell-shaped lotus.
d. The national emblem forms a part of all
government documents and can be seen on
Indian currency as well.
[Source: india.gov.in - National Portal of India]
Ans: Brazilian Emblem
a. The emblem of Brazil was officially accepted on 19h November 1889, four days after Brazil became a republic.
b. The central part of the emblem consists of five white stars on a blue circle representing the Southern Cross. The ring of 27 stars around the central circle, represent the 26 states and the Federal District of Brazil. This circle is placed
on a star shown in three colours namely,
yellow, green and red.
c. On the left side of this star, there is a branch of coffee plant, while one at the right side is a branch of tobacco plant. Both of these are the important crops of Brazil.
d. At the bottom of the Coat of Arms is a blue banner bearing the words "República Federativa do Brasil", which translates to "Republic of Brazil", as well as the date on which it achieved such political status. 15 November 1889.
[Source:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat of arms of Brazil
2. https:/www.brazil.org.za/national
symbols.html]
3. Make friends with Maps!
(Textbook page no. 10)
With the help of fig. 2.1, find the extent of
the mainland India. Fill in the degree
values in degrees in blank spaces - From
......° 4' N to ...... 6' N latitudes and from
...° 7' E to ......° 25' E longitudes.
Ans: 8° 4' N to 37° 6' N latitudes and from 68° 7' E
to 97° 25' E longitudes.
4. Make friends with maps!
(Textbook page no. 11)
With the help of fig. 2.2, find the extent of
the mainland Brazil. Fill in the degree values in blank spaces spaces - From ....° 15' N to ..... 45' S latitudes and from to ....° 45' W to ....° 48' W longitudes.
Ans: 5° 15' N to 33° 45' S latitudes and from
34° 45' W to 73° 48' W longitudes.
Ans:
i. South-eastern region of Brazil has favourable climate, rich soil and topography for agriculture.
ii. This suitable condition value possible for
growing coffee on large scale in commercial
perspective. For example, Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais arebmajor Coffee productive states.
iii. Brazil is the largest exporter of coffee in the world.
Therefore, Brazil is known as the coffee pot of the world.
Ans: The points of similarities between India and Brazil are:
i. Both India and Brazil were under the rule of a foreign country for a long period of time.
ii. They have a Republican form of government.
iii. Both the countries had to face various types of problems after independence.
iv. They both are considered as a global market.
v. They have a vast coastline.
vi. Both the countries are very vast in terms of area and are among the top ten largest countries of the world by area. Brazil is the 5" largest country while India is the 7th largest country in the world How are Brazil and India different from each other in terms of location?
Ans: The difference in terms of location between Brazil and India are as follows:
Location based on hemisphere:
India is located in the Northern and the Eastern Hemispheres whereas Brazil is located in the Western hemisphere. Some part of Brazil lies in the Northern hemisphere while most of it lies in
Southern hemisphere.
Location based on continent:
India is located in Asian continent whereas
Brazil is located in South American continent.
Location based on proximity to seas and
oceans:
India has the Arabian Sea to its west, Indian
Ocean to its south and Bay of Bengal to its east whereas Brazil has the Atlantic Ocean to its northern and eastern coast.
*3. Describe the latitudinal and longitudinal
extent of India and Brazil.
Ans:
i. The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India and Brazil is as follows:
ii. Indira Point is the southernmost tip of India and it is located on 6°45'N parallel.
[Note: The words highlighted above will help students to write the answer in an easy manner. This has been done for all the chapters hereafter.]
*4. What problems did Brazil and India face
after independence?
Ans:
i. India was under the British rule for nearly one and a half century and gained independence in 1947. Problems faced by India after independence:
a. In the initial years of its independence, India fought three wars. These wars had an adverse effect on the economy of India.
b. In the post independence period, India faced severe shortage of food grains which resulted in famines in several parts of the country.
ii. Brazil was under the Portuguese rule for
more than three centuries and gained
independence in 1822. Further, it was
governed by a populist military government from 1930 till 1985.
Problems faced by Brazil after independence:
a. Brazil went through global financial difficulties till date 20 century.
5. The imperial power which ruled Brazil also ruled a part of India. Find out when that part of India achieved independence?
Ans:
i. The imperial power that ruled over Brazil was the Portuguese
ii. In India, Portuguese ruled over Goa, Daman and Diu as well as Dadra & Nagar Haveli.
iii. From among these, Dadra and Nagar Haveli became free from Portugal rule in 1954 and became a part of Indian Union in August 1961.
iv. Later Diu, Daman and Goa were freed from the Portugal rule by the Indian military and became a part of Indian democracy on 19 December 1961.
V. While Diu, Daman and Dadra & Nagar Haveli are Union Territories, Goa is one of the 29 states of India.
[Source:
1. www.goa.gov.in
2. www.britannica.com/place/Dadra-and-Nagar-Haveli
b. The central part of the emblem consists of five white stars on a blue circle representing the Southern Cross. The ring of 27 stars around the central circle, represent the 26 states and the Federal District of Brazil. This circle is placed
on a star shown in three colours namely,
yellow, green and red.
c. On the left side of this star, there is a branch of coffee plant, while one at the right side is a branch of tobacco plant. Both of these are the important crops of Brazil.
d. At the bottom of the Coat of Arms is a blue banner bearing the words "República Federativa do Brasil", which translates to "Republic of Brazil", as well as the date on which it achieved such political status. 15 November 1889.
[Source:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat of arms of Brazil
2. https:/www.brazil.org.za/national
symbols.html]
3. Make friends with Maps!
(Textbook page no. 10)
With the help of fig. 2.1, find the extent of
the mainland India. Fill in the degree
values in degrees in blank spaces - From
......° 4' N to ...... 6' N latitudes and from
...° 7' E to ......° 25' E longitudes.
Ans: 8° 4' N to 37° 6' N latitudes and from 68° 7' E
to 97° 25' E longitudes.
4. Make friends with maps!
(Textbook page no. 11)
With the help of fig. 2.2, find the extent of
the mainland Brazil. Fill in the degree values in blank spaces spaces - From ....° 15' N to ..... 45' S latitudes and from to ....° 45' W to ....° 48' W longitudes.
Ans: 5° 15' N to 33° 45' S latitudes and from
34° 45' W to 73° 48' W longitudes.
Q.5. Give Geographical Reasons
1. Brazil is known as the coffee pot of the world.Ans:
i. South-eastern region of Brazil has favourable climate, rich soil and topography for agriculture.
ii. This suitable condition value possible for
growing coffee on large scale in commercial
perspective. For example, Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais arebmajor Coffee productive states.
iii. Brazil is the largest exporter of coffee in the world.
Therefore, Brazil is known as the coffee pot of the world.
Q.6. Answer the Following
1. What are the points of similarities between India and Brazil?Ans: The points of similarities between India and Brazil are:
i. Both India and Brazil were under the rule of a foreign country for a long period of time.
ii. They have a Republican form of government.
iii. Both the countries had to face various types of problems after independence.
iv. They both are considered as a global market.
v. They have a vast coastline.
vi. Both the countries are very vast in terms of area and are among the top ten largest countries of the world by area. Brazil is the 5" largest country while India is the 7th largest country in the world How are Brazil and India different from each other in terms of location?
Ans: The difference in terms of location between Brazil and India are as follows:
Location based on hemisphere:
India is located in the Northern and the Eastern Hemispheres whereas Brazil is located in the Western hemisphere. Some part of Brazil lies in the Northern hemisphere while most of it lies in
Southern hemisphere.
Location based on continent:
India is located in Asian continent whereas
Brazil is located in South American continent.
Location based on proximity to seas and
oceans:
India has the Arabian Sea to its west, Indian
Ocean to its south and Bay of Bengal to its east whereas Brazil has the Atlantic Ocean to its northern and eastern coast.
*3. Describe the latitudinal and longitudinal
extent of India and Brazil.
Ans:
i. The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India and Brazil is as follows:
[Note: The words highlighted above will help students to write the answer in an easy manner. This has been done for all the chapters hereafter.]
*4. What problems did Brazil and India face
after independence?
Ans:
i. India was under the British rule for nearly one and a half century and gained independence in 1947. Problems faced by India after independence:
a. In the initial years of its independence, India fought three wars. These wars had an adverse effect on the economy of India.
b. In the post independence period, India faced severe shortage of food grains which resulted in famines in several parts of the country.
ii. Brazil was under the Portuguese rule for
more than three centuries and gained
independence in 1822. Further, it was
governed by a populist military government from 1930 till 1985.
Problems faced by Brazil after independence:
a. Brazil went through global financial difficulties till date 20 century.
5. The imperial power which ruled Brazil also ruled a part of India. Find out when that part of India achieved independence?
Ans:
i. The imperial power that ruled over Brazil was the Portuguese
ii. In India, Portuguese ruled over Goa, Daman and Diu as well as Dadra & Nagar Haveli.
iii. From among these, Dadra and Nagar Haveli became free from Portugal rule in 1954 and became a part of Indian Union in August 1961.
iv. Later Diu, Daman and Goa were freed from the Portugal rule by the Indian military and became a part of Indian democracy on 19 December 1961.
V. While Diu, Daman and Dadra & Nagar Haveli are Union Territories, Goa is one of the 29 states of India.
[Source:
1. www.goa.gov.in
2. www.britannica.com/place/Dadra-and-Nagar-Haveli
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